Dental caries in the deciduous teeth of the children from Gulbarga, Karnataka

A cross-sectional dental examination of 1,560 randomly selected unrelated children of Gulbarga, Karnataka has shown about 30% of the children with deciduous teeth suffering from one or more carious teeth. The proportion of male children with df teeth was larger than female ones; the difference between the two being statistically significant (chi 12 = 8.0387). Its incidence was higher in children of low income group. Muslims (36.2%) were found to be affected more than Hindus (29.6%) and Christians (27.8%). An increase in the frequency of carious children was observed with the increasing age excepting the children aged 12 years and above who have shown a decreasing trend. In both the sexes mandibular teeth were found more susceptible than maxillary ones. No side difference was found in either jaw. Lower second molars were affected more, followed by lower first and upper second molars. Toothwise prevalence of caries by age showed no consistent trend either in maxilla or mandible.     

Primary lymphoreticular tumors of the orbit

Primary orbital lymphomas are rare. We report nine such cases (4 with DWDL, 3 with DPDL, 1 with DHL and 1 unclassifiable lymphoma). All patients achieved clinical complete remission (CR). Of those who completed treatment more than a year ago, three continue to be in CR at 17, 24 & 25 months and two are lost to follow up.     

Limiting multiple pregnancy in in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to assess how the number of embryos transferred can be adjusted to limit multiple gestations. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 535 consecutive embryo transfers for the years 1991-1993 was conducted. RESULTS: Fewer than three embryos were associated with a low pregnancy rate. Pregnancy rates were highest in women less than 35 when four or more embryos were transferred. With four or more embryos, multiple gestation pregnancy correlated with the number of high-quality embryos transferred. The risk of triplets and quadruplets was greatest for women less than 40. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple-embryo transfer carries a risk of plural gestation. The risk of multiple pregnancy cannot be eliminated without decreasing the pregnancy rate. The risk of high-order multiple pregnancy was best correlated with the number of good-quality embryos transferred. While all are at risk, patients younger than 40 were at highest risk.     

Histochemical study of sodium nucleinate-activated peritoneal macrophages

The activity of various enzyme groups and the levels of protein and glycogen in the peritoneal macrophages of CBA mice treated intraperitoneally with sodium nucleinate were determined histochemically with the use of cytophotometry. A significant increase in the activity of the lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterases and an increase in the activity of lactate, malate, glutamate, alpha-glycerophosphate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. NAD.H- and NADF.H-diaphorases accompanied by an increase in the level of the total protein and glycogen were observed. Analysis of the changes was indicative of an increase in the inherent physiological metabolic and functional level under the effect of sodium nucleinate. It is suggested that the macrophage sub-populations with an increased metabolic activity appeared in the peritoneal exudate of the stimulated animals. Participation of the host low molecular DNA in the maintenance of the physiological level of th nonspecific antiinfectious resistance is suggested.